Day: January 4, 2023

Emergency Provisions Three different categories: National Emergency – due to war, external aggression or armed rebellion (Article 352) State Emergency – due to the failure of constitutional Machinery in state (Article 356) Financial Emergency (Article 360) Failure of constitutional Machinery in State – Article 356 State Emergency This is popularly known as ‘President’s Rule’. Article 356 empowers …

Direction of the Centre to the State under Article 356 and 365 Read More »

Article 355 – Duty of the Union to protect States against external aggression and internal disturbance. The framers of constitution felt that, in an emergency, the centre should have overriding powers to control and direct all aspects of administration and legislation throughout the country. The constitution envisages three types of emergencies:- Emergency arising from threat …

Center’s Responsibility and Internal Disturbance within States Read More »

Development projects such as irrigation power, mining etc. contribute to the economic growth and human well being these infrastructure projects create employment opportunities and trigger growth in agricultural, industrial and other allied sectors. these projects also cause displacement of native population. Since 1950, 5 million of people have been displaced by various development projects in …

Rehabilitation of internally displaced persons Read More »

Relevant Arts. 262, 263 and 131 of Constitution Article 131 – Supreme Court under article 131 of the constitution has original jurisdiction in any dispute – between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more other States on the other; or between the Government of India and …

The inter -state disputes on resources Read More »

D.D. Basu.-“No system of federation can be successful unless both union and states have at their disposal adequate financial resources to enable them to discharge their respective responsibilities under the constitution.” Canada and Australia → revenue allotted to the units are so meager that they have to be substantially satisfied by centre grants. In India …

Allocation and share of resources-distribution of grants-in-aid Read More »

PART I – THE UNION AND ITS TERRITORY Article 1(1) → India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States. Article 1(2) → The States and the territories → First Schedule Article 1(3) → Parliament’s power to reorganise states. The territory of India shall comprise— the territories of the States; the Union territories specified …

Creation of New State Read More »

Advantages of Federal System The main advantages of the federal structure of government are: 1. Centralisation of powers leads to dictatorship. The federal system safeguards the separation of powers and thus prevents tyranny or dictatorship.2. As power is divided between the union and the state, this structure is efficient in terms of governance and administration.3. …

Advantages and Disadvantages of Federal and Unitary form of Governments Read More »